If a database server crashes randomly without software or hardware changes, what is the first step the administrator should take?

The best initial step for the administrator to take when a database server crashes randomly, and there have been no recent software or hardware changes, is to identify the problem and scope. This approach entails determining the specifics of the crash, including the context and frequency of the issue, affected services, and any error messages or logs that may provide insights.

By first identifying the problem and its scope, the administrator can gather relevant information that is crucial for subsequent troubleshooting steps. This initial assessment will help in pinpointing whether the issue is local to the database server or part of a larger system problem. Having a clear understanding of the specific symptoms and circumstances surrounding the crash allows the administrator to make informed decisions about the next steps to take, be it further investigation, consulting documentation, or implementing remedial measures.

Once the problem has been identified, the administrator can move on to establishing an action plan or performing a root cause analysis to address the underlying issues. Documenting findings is also important, but that usually comes after the initial problem identification phase. Thus, focusing on identifying the problem and its scope is the most logical and effective first step in this scenario.